R.E Coursework Religion and Medical Issues Essay Example for Free

R.E Coursework Religion and Medical Issues Essay Ai) Infertility is when a couple cannot naturally conceive a child. There are many treatments to get around infertility; some of these, may however raise moral issues. There are many treatments available; Fertility drugs are one of these, this is where an infertile woman is given drugs, which stop infertility and make a woman capable of carrying a child. These are recognised by the church, as the sacredness of life is not threatened. AIH (artificial insemination by the husband), is another of these treatments. The sperm of the husband is taken and artificially put it in the wife. AID (artificial insemination by the donor), this is for if the man does not produce sperm. An anonymous donor donates his sperm, which is then artificially put into the woman. Gamete storing, is a fairly new process where the gametes are frozen, this means that if one of the parents has a treatment which makes them infertile, they can use the gametes which are stored. Surrogacy. This is where an alien hostess carries the baby. The sperm of the man is artificially inserted into the hostess. This is not recognised by the church because it is very similar to adultery. Aii) Roman Catholics have the view that life is sacred and therefore the sacredness of life must be protected. The church believes that no one has the right to children; if someone is infertile it is because it is supposed to be that way. Any of the treatments, which involve the destruction of embryos, are banned because this is the same as abortion and that is banned in the Catholic Church. The Church bans any of the treatments, which involve artificial insemination by the husband, as this involves masturbation, which is a sin in the eyes of the church. In AID and surrogacy the child does not get to know their biological parents, the church believes that the child has a right to know their biological parents. All forms of fertility treatments involve procreation outside of sex; God intended procreation to be part of the sex act. Other Christian churches allow IVF and AIH as they believe it is a good use of technology to provide families with the happiness of children. God intended families to have children, if IVF or AIH is the only way to do that it should be done. The egg and sperm are from the husband and wife and so it is not counted as adultery and therefore it is still a pure loving act. Some of the embryos are destroyed in these processes; embryos, which are not yet foetuses, so therefore it is not considered murder. The other churches still have major concerns about the other treatments; they have not banned them, however. All churches encourage childless families to adopt as they believe all children should have a loving happy family. iii) Generally Christians believe in transplant surgery and think that it is a good thing. Some Christians have some ethical issues, however. They believe that it would be wrong for rich people to pay for organs. It is well known that some wealthier 1st world citizens would be more than willing to exploit uneducated, 3rd world citizens to save themselves. This is known as the black market. The people in Africa may not be well educated and therefore do not realise that it is dangerous. It could be dangerous as the surgeon in Africa may be using dirty equipment and therefore the African would be vulnerable to infection. It is also exploiting the poor which is condemned by the bible. Some Christians are opposed to using organs from the dead but support using those of the living. They believe that organs such as the heart are an intrinsic part of the individual created by God. Transplanting organs from the dead into the living is usurping the role of God, and humans do not have the right to play God. This is a sin and is condemned by the Bible. Jesus taught us to love thy neighbour. If an organ can be transplanted while someone is alive then it is not vital and transplanting it would be, ‘loving thy neighbour.’ Some Christians believe all transplant surgery wrong and condemn it. They believe that transplants ignore the sanctity of life. This is a great sin in the eyes of the church. They believe that transplanting organs is ‘playing God’ and this is one of the great sins. They also believe that it is very expensive and requires very skilled people of which there are few. It raises the question of when someone is considered dead, as the heart needs to be removed when it is still beating. It diverts recourses from less expensive treatments which could help far more people than transplants. Most Muslims believe that transplants are wrong. They believe that it is against God’s will to remove anything from the body after death this means that none of the organs can be removed. They believe that God created each person and so to remove something from one and put it in another is to act as God which is the greatest sin in Islam. They believe that life is sacred and only God has the right to give and take it.

Charles Dickens Great Expectations Essay -- Charles Dickens Great Exp

Charles Dickens' Great Expectations Chapter one of the novel Great Expectations opens in a bleak and overgrown churchyard on the eerie marsh country. Here we are introduced to Pip, as a young and naà ¯ve boy, and we discover he is also an orphan, who lives with sister and her husband the blacksmith, in a small village a mile or more from the church. Whilst Pip is in the churchyard, he meets an escaped convict, Magwitch, whom Pip gives food to, and this encounter remains poignant in both their lives, as Pip goes on to receive the opportunity to become a gentleman, from a mysterious benefactor, and he abandons his friends and family for his â€Å"Great Expectations† and his London lifestyle. The desolate choice of setting and location for the start of the novel are relevant to Pip’s unhappy childhood. Dickens uses negative descriptions such as â€Å"bleak place overgrown with nettles† to create a vivid and miserable image in the readers mind. At once it becomes obvious that Pip’s tale is not going to be a joyful or pleasant one- more the reverse, as his surroundings are described with more depressing phrases including â€Å"dark flat wilderness†, to describe the marshes and land beyond the churchyard, and â€Å"distant savage lair†, to emphasise the fierceness of the sea. We get the impression of an isolated, wild and barren marshland, and feel sorry for the poor young boy let out with nobody with him. We are told that Pip never saw his father or his mother, and told also that he childishly derived what they may have looked like from the appearance of their tombstones. Pip evidently felt alone and deserted at this time, as we see him in the churchyard visiting his parent's graves, and looking at the â€Å"five little stone... ...gers that finish off each chapter. The fact that Magwitch is introduced to Pip in the first chapter is appealing for the reader, as this creates curiosity in wanting to know what is going to happen to Pip, and what is to become of Magwitch. The reader is persuaded to read on to find out also whether Pip obeys Magwitch, and how Pip completes his task. Also, because we feel sorry for the poor boy, we are curious to find out the outcome of his life and whether it gets any better. Overall, Chapter one of the novel Great Expectations provides us with sufficient information about Pip to know that he is not going to grow up in a loving and caring environment, as we find out that he is an orphan, who lives with his sister and her husband, in a strict and unloving household, and is let out alone in a deserted churchyard visiting his parents graves one evening.

People Abused Freedom of Expression in Using Internet Essay

The internet allows people to express and communicate with people around the world. It is not only a way to communicate, to share opinions and perspectives but also a source of information which every person could have an easy access. This information may or may not provide genuine idea for the reason of opinionated ways of expressing thoughts. This actually offers extraordinary opportunities for people who want to articulate an opinion about anything. According to Fisher, they can make their thoughts available world-wide more easily than ever been possible before. And today, the internet is becoming not only a site for people in sharing their thoughts, but also a location to disdain others, and to communicate dreadful messages. The internet also offers greater freedom that it has no exact rules in expressing personal thoughts. This freedom, allow people to be free to say whatever they want, placing an extraordinary priority on their own individual rights, frequently to the disadvantage of the right of other people. As said by Willard (1997), the net is a new frontier that offers a kind of freedom not generally formed in the real world. It is an environment where there is not only greater freedom, but where the laws rules, and social standards are not quite as clear or perhaps not quite as enforceable, as we have come to expect in other areas of our lives. She explains that there are people who maintain that they should have the freedom and right to use the internet in whatever way they choose, without regard for the maltreatment they may impose upon others. The power of the internet has broadened over the years since it has distended to include the internet connected devices. Most of homes, schools and even mobile phones today have already internet connectivity. The penetration of these technologies has become very easy for people to spread information for a short time. However, anyone with an internet connection can harass, embarrass, threat, and humiliate almost anyone else. As described by StopCyberBullying. rg, the act such as the threats of violence, hate speech, harassment, peer pressure, bribery, psychological abuse, and extortion are simple refers to cyber bullying. Furthermore, again pointed out by StopCyberBullying. org, that these offenses are occasionally committed by people impersonating someone else, anonymously, or under the deceptive outward appearance of a group, making accountability and preventability difficult. Since, these people feel they are invisible, because the hostility is not face-to-face. This leads them to say what they want online, that they would not usually say in a person and persecute an individual without a fear of having any outcome or consequences, particularly, when they do it using a secret name. Thus, from time to time, inflicting pain on somebody, gives them a boost in their ego. Another reason as stated by StopCyberBullying. org is revenge. People that are victimized may put into practice cyber bullying out of vengeance to get back others for making them unhappy. They may commence protecting themselves, only to find out that they enjoy being a cyber-bully. Also as indicated, periodically people do it for fun because they are tired and impatient and have too much time on their hands. Several also do it only for laughs to get attention and reaction to other people. These reasons proved that people abused freedom of expression while using internet. Social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr, and Myspace were becoming weapons. They are being misused by the people to harm anyone.

The Courtship of Mr. Lyon by Angela Carter vs The Yellow...

The two stories of The Courtship of Mr. Lyon and The Yellow Wallpaper display a variety of similarities in terms of their narrative elements. Throughout these pieces it is clear that a character placed under constant surveillance can reach a new level of self-realization through a variety of symbols. To begin, both pieces contain the aspect of character development. In The Courtship of Mr. Lyon, Beauty comes across the Beast; a developing character that goes the process of trapping Beauty and helping her to understand her true purpose. In the last scene of the story, Beauty realizes who the Beast truly represents as she notices, â€Å"it was no longer a lion in her arms but a man, a man with an unkempt mane of hair and, how strange, a broken nose, such as the noses of retired boxers that gave him a distant, heroic resemblance to the handsomest of all the beasts† (Carter 51). Similarly, in The Yellow Wallpaper, John restricts the main characters’ movements but does not u nderstand her true intentions till the end. He was deceived and believed her â€Å"healthy† act as she states, â€Å"John is so pleased to see me improve. He laughed a little the other day, and said I seemed to be flourishing in spite of my wall-paper† (Gilman 7). However, in the end when he discovers that she is in fact not well, she questions his actions as she asks, â€Å"Now why should that man have fainted?† (Gilman 9). The restrained characters mask their true personalities in front of others to add to a big reveal in the